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Protocols/isup

此协议用作电话交换机之间中继线上的信令,用于建立和释放呼叫。

ISUP 由 ITU-T 在 Q.761 到 Q.769 中标准化。此外还有若干国家变体。

BICC(Bearer Independent Call Control)由 Q.1901 及其 annexes 定义,是 ISUP 的扩展。

历史

ISUP 取代 TUP(Telephony User Part),成为电话交换机之间呼叫控制的标准。它最早的部署可以追溯到 20 世纪 80 年代初,目前大多数交换机仍在使用。BICC 是 ISUP 的后继和扩展,随着电话运营商从 TDM 链路(E1/T1)迁移到 Packet Based 系统(主要是 IP 和 ATM),它应当会取代此协议。

协议依赖

  • MTP3:通常,ISUP 使用 MTP3 作为其传输协议。ISUP 使用的 service indicator 为 5。

示例流量

 1 0.000000 10.28.6.42 -> 10.28.6.44 ISUP (ITU) IAM (CIC 213) 2 0.006621 10.28.6.44 -> 10.28.6.42 ISUP (ITU) CFN (CIC 213) 3 0.123844 10.28.6.44 -> 10.28.6.42 ISUP (ITU) ACM (CIC 213) 4 0.124157 10.28.6.44 -> 10.28.6.42 ISUP (ITU) ANM (CIC 213) 5 17.068921 10.28.6.42 -> 10.28.6.44 ISUP (ITU) REL (CIC 213) 6 17.089918 10.28.6.44 -> 10.28.6.42 ISUP (ITU) RLC (CIC 213)Message Transfer Part Level 3 Service information octet 11.. .... = Network indicator: Reserved for national use (0x03) ..00 .... = Spare: 0x00 .... 0101 = Service indicator: ISUP (0x05) Routing label .... .... .... .... ..10 1111 1000 0011 = DPC: 12163 .... 1011 0100 0000 10.. .... .... .... = OPC: 11522 0101 .... .... .... .... .... .... .... = Signalling Link Selector: 5ISDN User Part CIC: 213 Message type: Initial address (1) Nature of Connection Indicators: 0x0 Mandatory Parameter: 6 (Nature of connection indicators) .... ..00 = Satellite Indicator: No Satellite circuit in connection (0x00) .... 00.. = Continuity Check Indicator: Continuity check not required (0x00) ...0 .... = Echo Control Device Indicator: Echo control device not included Forward Call Indicators: 0xa001 Mandatory Parameter: 7 (Forward call indicators) .... ...0 .... .... = National/international call indicator: Call to be treated as national call .... .00. .... .... = End-to-end method indicator: No End-to-end method available (only link-by-link method available) (0x0000) .... 0... .... .... = Interworking indicator: no interworking encountered (No.7 signalling all the way) ...0 .... .... .... = End-to-end information indicator: no end-to-end information available ..1. .... .... .... = ISDN user part indicator: ISDN user part used all the way 10.. .... .... .... = ISDN user part preference indicator: ISDN user part required all the way (0x0002) .... .... .... ...1 = ISDN access indicator: originating access ISDN .... .... .... .00. = SCCP method indicator: No indication (0x0000) Calling Party's category: 0xa (ordinary calling subscriber) Mandatory Parameter: 9 (Calling party's category) Calling Party's category: ordinary calling subscriber (0x0a) Transmission medium requirement: 2 (64 kbit/s unrestricted) Mandatory Parameter: 2 (Transmission medium requirement) Transmission medium requirement: 64 kbit/s unrestricted (2) Called Party Number: 4891F Mandatory Parameter: 4 (Called party number) Pointer to Parameter: 2 Parameter length: 5 1... .... = Odd/even indicator: odd number of address signals .000 0001 = Nature of address indicator: subscriber number (national use) (1) 1... .... = INN indicator: routing to internal network number not allowed .001 .... = Numbering plan indicator: ISDN (Telephony) numbering plan (1) Called Party Number: 4891F .... 0100 = Address signal digit: 4 (4) 1000 .... = Address signal digit: 8 (8) .... 1001 = Address signal digit: 9 (9) 0001 .... = Address signal digit: 1 (1) .... 1111 = Address signal digit: Stop sending (15) E.164 Called party number digits: 4891F Pointer to start of optional part: 7 Calling Party Number: 3933399708 Optional Parameter: 10 (Calling party number) Parameter length: 7 0... .... = Odd/even indicator: even number of address signals .000 0011 = Nature of address indicator: national (significant) number (3) 0... .... = NI indicator: complete .001 .... = Numbering plan indicator: ISDN (Telephony) numbering plan (1) .... 01.. = Address presentation restricted indicator: presentation restricted (1) .... ..11 = Screening indicator: network provided (3) Calling Party Number: 3933399708 .... 0011 = Address signal digit: 3 (3) 1001 .... = Address signal digit: 9 (9) .... 0011 = Address signal digit: 3 (3) 0011 .... = Address signal digit: 3 (3) .... 0011 = Address signal digit: 3 (3) 1001 .... = Address signal digit: 9 (9) .... 1001 = Address signal digit: 9 (9) 0111 .... = Address signal digit: 7 (7) .... 0000 = Address signal digit: 0 (0) 1000 .... = Address signal digit: 8 (8) E.164 Calling party number digits: 3933399708 Optional forward call indicators: non-CUG call (128) Optional Parameter: 8 (Optional forward call indicators) Parameter length: 1 .... ..00 = Closed user group call indicator: non-CUG call (0) .... .0.. = Simple segmentation indicator: no additional information will be sent 1... .... = Connected line identity request indicator: requested Access transport (5 bytes length) Optional Parameter: 3 (Access transport) Parameter length: 5 Access transport parameter field (-> Q.931) Low-layer compatibility Information element: Low-layer compatibility Length: 3 ...0 1000 = Information transfer capability: Unrestricted digital information (0x08) .00. .... = Coding standard: ITU-T standardized coding (0x00) 1... .... = Extension indicator: last octet ...1 0000 = Information transfer rate: 64 kbit/s (0x10) .00. .... = Transfer mode: Circuit mode (0x00) 1... .... = Extension indicator: last octet ...0 0110 = User information layer 1 protocol: Recommendation H.223 and H.245 (0x06) 1... .... = Extension indicator: last octet User service information, (3 bytes length) Optional Parameter: 29 (User service information) Parameter length: 3 User service information (-> Q.931 Bearer_capability) ...0 1000 = Information transfer capability: Unrestricted digital information (0x08) .00. .... = Coding standard: ITU-T standardized coding (0x00) 1... .... = Extension indicator: last octet ...1 0000 = Information transfer rate: 64 kbit/s (0x10) .00. .... = Transfer mode: Circuit mode (0x00) 1... .... = Extension indicator: last octet ...0 0110 = User information layer 1 protocol: Recommendation H.223 and H.245 (0x06) 1... .... = Extension indicator: last octet Propagation delay counter = 100 ms Optional Parameter: 49 (Propagation delay counter) Parameter length: 2 Propagation delay counter = 100 ms Location number: 00600001 Optional Parameter: 63 (Location number) Parameter length: 6 0... .... = Odd/even indicator: even number of address signals .000 0011 = Nature of address indicator: national (significant) number (3) 1... .... = INN indicator: routing to internal network number not allowed .001 .... = Numbering plan indicator: ISDN (Telephony) numbering plan (1) .... 00.. = Address presentation restricted indicator: presentation allowed (0) .... ..11 = Screening indicator: network provided (3) Location number: 00600001 .... 0000 = Address signal digit: 0 (0) 0000 .... = Address signal digit: 0 (0) .... 0110 = Address signal digit: 6 (6) 0000 .... = Address signal digit: 0 (0) .... 0000 = Address signal digit: 0 (0) 0000 .... = Address signal digit: 0 (0) .... 0000 = Address signal digit: 0 (0) 0001 .... = Address signal digit: 1 (1) Parameter Type unknown/reserved (5 Bytes) Optional Parameter: 244 (unknown) Parameter length: 5 Parameter compatibility information (2 bytes length) Optional Parameter: 57 (Parameter compatibility information) Parameter length: 2 Upgraded parameter no: 1 = unknown (244) Instruction indicators: 0x90 .... ...0 = Transit at intermediate exchange indicator: Transit interpretation .... ..0. = Release call indicator: do not release call .... .0.. = Send notification indicator: do not send notification .... 0... = Discard message indicator: Do not discard message (pass on) ...1 .... = Discard parameter indicator: Discard parameter .00. .... = Pass on not possible indicator: Release call (0x00) 1... .... = Extension indicator: last octet End of optional parameters (0)

Wireshark

ISUP dissector 功能完整。

首选项设置

唯一的首选项是 "Show CIC in info column",这是一个 Boolean,用于在 info column 中显示消息所指的 CIC(channel ID)。

示例捕获文件

  • SampleCaptures/isup.cap 一个使用 ISUP/MTP3/M3UA/SCTP/IP 的单次呼叫信令序列(请注意,此 trace 是 M3UA draft 6 捕获。你必须通过选择 Edit ->Preferences -> Protocols ->M3UA -> Draft 6,将 M3UA 首选项设置为 Draft 6)

Display Filter

完整的 ISUP display filter 字段列表可在 display filter reference 中找到。

仅显示 ISUP 流量:

 isup

Capture Filter

捕获时无法直接过滤 ISUP 数据包。不过,如果 ISUP 运行在 MTP3/M3UA/SCTP/IP 之上,可以使用以下方式过滤 SCTP 流量:

 ip proto 0x84

或者,在较新版本的 libpcap/WinPcap 中使用:

 ip proto sctp

外部链接

讨论

于 2020-08-11 23:20:28 UTC 从 https://wiki.wireshark.org/Protocols/isup 导入

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