Appearance
Appearance
IPv6 是“Internet Protocol version 6”的缩写。IPv6 是由 IETF 设计、用于替代当前版本 Internet_Protocol(IP Version 4 或 IPv4)的“下一代”协议。
IPv6 最初的设计有一个令人信服的理由:需要更多 IP 地址。这一需求源于 Internet 的快速增长:数十亿新设备(手机、PDA、家电、汽车等),以及数十亿新用户(中国、印度、拉丁美洲)。与此同时,xDSL、cable、ethernet-to-the-home 等新的“always-on”接入技术也在提升对新设备和新用户的需求。
可能存在一些替代技术方案,例如 NAT(Network Address Translation),但它们并不能轻松支撑这种增长。<!-- what's this have to do with IPv6?: Furthermore, those alternative solutions make the Internet, the applications, and even the devices more complex; this means increased costs. On the other hand, IPv6 can make, in the medium/long-term, every IP device cheaper, more powerful, and even consume less power (which is important not only for ecologic conservation, but also to have longer battery life in portable devices such as cell phones). -->
因此,IPv6 的设计也成为一种机会,用于改进 Internet,并带来如下新优势:
IPv6 的历史始于 1994-1995 年,相关文档包括:RFC1719 “A Direction for IPng”、RFC1726 “Technical Criteria for Choosing IP The Next Generation (IPng)” 以及 RFC1752 RFC1752 “The Recommendation for the IP Next Generation Protocol”。
随后,主要文档于 1995 年 12 月发布:RFC1883 “Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6) Specification”。
该文档在 1998 年 12 月被以下文档废止:RFC2460"Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6) Specification"。
IPv6 也可以通过多种其他协议进行传输。
Frame 1: 94 bytes on wire (752 bits), 94 bytes captured (752 bits)Ethernet II, Src: 86:93:23:d3:37:8e (86:93:23:d3:37:8e), Dst: 22:1a:95:d6:7a:23 (22:1a:95:d6:7a:23) Destination: 22:1a:95:d6:7a:23 (22:1a:95:d6:7a:23) Source: 86:93:23:d3:37:8e (86:93:23:d3:37:8e) Type: IPv6 (0x86dd)Internet Protocol Version 6, Src: fc00:2:0:2::1 (fc00:2:0:2::1), Dst: fc00:2:0:1::1 (fc00:2:0:1::1) 0110 .... = Version: 6 .... 0000 0000 .... .... .... .... .... = Traffic class: 0x00 (DSCP: CS0, ECN: Not-ECT) .... .... .... 1101 0110 1000 0100 1010 = Flow label: 0xd684a Payload length: 40 Next header: TCP (6) Hop limit: 64 Source: fc00:2:0:2::1 (fc00:2:0:2::1) Destination: fc00:2:0:1::1 (fc00:2:0:1::1) [Source GeoIP: Unknown] [Destination GeoIP: Unknown]Transmission Control Protocol, Src Port: 43424, Dst Port: 8080, Seq: 0, Len: 0IPv6 dissector 功能完整。(在适当位置添加其他 Wireshark 功能的信息,例如该协议的特殊统计信息。)
Sample IPv6 captures
IPv6 显示过滤器字段的完整列表可以在显示过滤器参考中找到
ipv6 ipv6.addr eq fe80::f61f:c2ff:fe58:7dcb or ipv6.addr eq ff02::1仅抓取基于 IPv6 的流量:
ip6仅抓取进出主机 fe80::1 的基于 IPv6 的流量:
host fe80::1仅抓取 IPv6-over-IPv4 隧道流量:
ip proto 41仅抓取原生 IPv6 流量:
ip6 and not ip proto 41RFC2460Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6) Specification
RFC4191IP Version 6 Addressing Architecture
IPv6 Web page
The IPv6 Portal
Wireshark 网站可通过 IPv6 访问,地址为 http://ipv6.wireshark.org(仅 IPv6)。-- GeraldCombs
Imported from https://wiki.wireshark.org/IPv6 on 2020-08-11 23:15:17 UTC